The PostgreSQL administration field guideField notes · Runbooks · Free certification

Section 1 of 3 · 6 minutes

Turn recovery needs into a backup design

Your goal

What you will be able to do

Use recovery-point and recovery-time targets to choose base-backup, WAL, and retention requirements.

Why this matters at work

The practical reason

Backup frequency is meaningful only when it supports a stated amount of tolerable data loss and downtime.

Learn

The idea in plain English

Recovery point objective, or RPO, is the maximum acceptable data loss measured in time. Recovery time objective, or RTO, is the target time to restore service.

A physical base backup plus continuous WAL archiving can support point-in-time recovery. Logical dumps serve different migration and object-level needs and are not a replacement for every physical recovery requirement.

Remember these points

  • Start with RPO and RTO, not a tool name.
  • Keep the base backup and every required WAL segment together.
  • Use more than one failure domain for critical backup copies.

See it in SQL

Read WAL archiving state

Confirm whether the server is configured to send completed WAL to an archive.

SELECT
  name,
  setting,
  source
FROM pg_settings
WHERE name IN ('archive_mode', 'archive_command', 'archive_library')
ORDER BY name;

The active setting and source show intent, but they do not prove archive delivery succeeds.

Follow with archive statistics and a restore test. Avoid logging secrets that may appear in an archive command.

What you should see

Current archive configuration values and the source that supplied each value.

Useful words

Important terms

RPO
The maximum amount of recent data the recovery plan may lose.
RTO
The target time for restoring the required service.

Quick check · Not graded

Check your understanding

What should determine backup frequency and WAL retention?

Choose one answer

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